Published 2026-05-14
Keywords
- development,
- familial state,
- Israel/Palestine,
- kinship,
- neopatrimonialism
- zionism,
- État développementiste,
- État lignager,
- extraversion,
- privatisation de l’État ...More
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2026 David Motzafi-Haller

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Scholarship contrasts the “developmental state”—with autonomous bureaucracies fostering economic growth—and neopatrimonial regimes, where public resources are captured by kinship networks. Some scholars suggest examining the gap between the idealized state and social practices, while others highlight patriarchal lineage politics supporting state power. This article bridges these views, showing elite kinship networks crossing institutions to support, rather than hinder, development. This study uses “familial-developmental state” to analyze Israeli state formation in the 1950s, arguing that kin alliances formed a patrimonial network that underpinned Israeli development, protected from democratic accountability. By the late 1950s, this network shifted from neo-corporatist syndicalism to a centralized, state-driven industrialization. This change, marked by the decline of workers’ organizations and increased government policymaking, rendered much of the Zionist apparatus redundant domestically. This obsolescence led elites to export Zionist state-building efforts to Sub-Saharan Africa in the early 1960s, representing a transnational reconfiguration of the Zionist family-based developmental state rather than a simple shift from colonization to development.
L'État développementiste et lignager sioniste
La recherche oppose traditionnellement « l’État développementiste » – caractérisé par des bureaucraties autonomes favorisant la croissance économique – aux régimes néopatrimoniaux, où les ressources publiques sont captées par des réseaux de parenté. Si certains chercheurs suggèrent d’examiner l’écart entre l’État idéalisé et les pratiques sociales, d’autres soulignent le rôle des politiques de lignage patriarcal dans le soutien au pouvoir étatique. Cet article fait le lien entre ces perspectives en démontrant que les réseaux de parenté au sein des élites traversent les institutions pour soutenir, plutôt que d’entraver, le développement. Cette étude mobilise le concept d’« État développementiste et lignager » pour analyser la formation de l’État israélien dans les années 1950. Elle soutient que les alliances de parenté ont constitué un réseau patrimonial ayant sous-tendu le développement d’Israël, à l’abri de toute responsabilité démocratique. À la fin des années 1950, ce réseau est passé d’un syndicalisme néocorporatiste à une industrialisation centralisée et pilotée par l’État. Ce basculement, marqué par le déclin des organisations de travailleurs et l’accroissement des politiques gouvernementales, a rendu une grande partie de l’appareil sioniste redondante sur le plan intérieur. Cette obsolescence a conduit les élites à orienter les efforts de construction de l’État sioniste vers l’Afrique subsaharienne au début des années 1960. Ce mouvement ne représente pas seulement un simple passage de la colonisation au développement, mais une stratégie d’extraversion et une reconfiguration transnationale de l’État développementiste et lignager sioniste.
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