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Genetically informed range extension for Kurixalus inexpectatus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) in Fujian, with ecological niche modeling to guide further searches

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  • Dallin Kohler,
  • Siti N. Othman,
  • Zhenqi Wang,
  • Yiyao Zhu,
  • Yiyun Wu,
  • Ming-Feng Chuang,
  • Amaël Borzée
Dallin Kohler
Laboratory of Animal Behavior and Conservation, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/a_h-17227

Published 2025-05-12

Keywords

  • Maxent,
  • Cryptic species,
  • tree frog,
  • Kurixalus

How to Cite

Kohler, D., Othman, S. N., Wang, Z., Zhu, Y., Wu, Y., Chuang, M.-F., & Borzée, A. (2025). Genetically informed range extension for Kurixalus inexpectatus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) in Fujian, with ecological niche modeling to guide further searches. Acta Herpetologica. https://doi.org/10.36253/a_h-17227

Copyright (c) 2025 Dallin Kohler, Siti N. Othman, Zhenqi Wang, Yiyao Zhu, Yiyun Wu, Ming-Feng Chuang, Amaël Borzée

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Undocumented and unnamed biodiversity is difficult to conserve effectively. We encountered several Kurixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) individuals of an unknown species identity in Fujian, China, a province with no previous records of Kurixalus. This genus of frogs, of which many new species have been described in recent years, has been the subject of much historical taxonomic confusion, largely due to conserved morphology. We sequenced two mitochondrial and one nuclear genes (1748 total bp) for three individuals from Fujian and reconstructed their phylogeny including all known lineages of Kurixalus from mainland China, and other East Asia lineages when data was available. Both Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood trees consistently showed that the individuals from Fujian were most closely related to K. inexpectatus, which previously was only known from northern Zhejiang, over 830 km north of this new location. Our results help clarify the identity of the unknown Kurixalus in Fujian and the distribution of Kurixalus, particularly regarding the distribution of K. hainanus, which has previously been confused with other members of the K. odontotarsus species complex. Additionally, we created ecological niche models using Maxent for the clade including both K. inexpectatus and its sister species K. idiootocus to guide future survey efforts.

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