Studi Slavistici XXII (2025) 2
Articoli

On the text and tradition of the Prologue to the Gospels

Ettore Gherbezza
University of Udine
Bio

Published 2026-03-12

Keywords

  • Proglas,
  • Prologue to the Gospels,
  • Literature of Slavia Christiana,
  • Textual Criticism,
  • Manuscript Tradition

Abstract

This paper examines the Proglas, the Prologue to the Gospels, one of the earliest original works of Slavia Christiana literature. Although the text has received extensive scholarly attention from both textological and poetic perspectives, the present study approaches it through the lens of textual criticism. By analyzing a selected set of passages—including some whose interpretation remains controversial—the relationships among the witnesses constituting the manuscript tradition of the work are reconstructed. The analysis of variant readings supports the conclusion that the manuscript tradition of the Proglas is bipartite, comprising two variant carriers: one preserved in the East Slavonic witness, and the other reconstructed as the archetype of the Serbian branch, from which the Serbian witnesses independently derive.

References

  1. Franko 1916: I. Franko, Kleine Beiträge zur Geschichte der kirchenslavischen Literatur. ii. Vorrede zum Evangelium, “Archiv für slavische Philologie”, xxxvi, 1916, pp. 201-217.
  2. Garzaniti 2023: M. Garzaniti, Storia delle letterature slave. Libri, scrittori e idee dall’Adriatico alla Siberia (secoli ix-xxi), a cura di I. Karafillidis, Roma 2023.
  3. Georgiev 1938: E. Georgiev, Dve proizvedenija na Sv. Kirila. Kăm văprosa za knižovnata dejnost na slavjanskija părvoučitel, Sofija 1938.
  4. Georgiev 1956: E. Georgiev, Kiril i Metodij osnovopoložnici na slavjanskite literaturi, Sofija 1956.
  5. Gil’ferding 1858: A.F. Gil’ferding, Predislovie sv. Kirilla, prosvetitelja slavjanskogo k perevodu evangelija, “Russkaja beseda”, iii, 1858, 9, pp. 108-116.
  6. Jakobson 1975: R. Jakobson, Il prologo di san Costantino al vangelo, in: Id., Premesse di storia letteraria slava, Milano 1975, pp. 107-112 (ed. or. St. Constantine’s prologue to the Gospels, “St. Vladimir’s Seminary Quarterly”, vii, 1963, 1, pp. 14-19).
  7. Jakobson 1985: R. Jakobson, St. Constantine’s prologue to the Gospels, in: Id., Selected writings. vi. Early Slavic Paths and Crossroads, ed. by S. Rudy, Berlin-New York-Amsterdam 19853 (New York 19541), pp. 191-206.
  8. Kurz, Hauptová 1966-1997: J. Kurz, Z. Hauptová (red.), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, i-iv, Praha 1966-1997.
  9. Lavrov 1930: P.A. Lavrov, Materialy po istorii vozniknovenija drevnejšej slavjanskoj pis’mennosti, Leningrad 1930.
  10. Leonid 1868: Archim. Leonid, Istoričeskoe opisanie serbskoj carskoj lavry Chilandarja, Moskva 1868.
  11. Maas 2021: P. Maas, La critica del testo, trad. e cura di G. Ziffer, Roma 20212 (Roma 20171).
  12. Miklosich 1862: F. Miklosich, Lexicon palaeoslovenico-graeco-latinum emendatum auctum, Vindobonae 1862.
  13. Mirčeva 2021: B. Mirčeva, Slavjanski kirilo-metodievski izvori, Sofija 2021.
  14. Mirčeva 2024: B. Mirčeva, Spiski slavjanskich istočnikov o žizni i dejatel’nosti Kirilla i Mefodija i ich učenikov: nekotorye zamečanija i utočnenija, in: V.S. Efimova (otv. red.), Paleoslavistika – 5, Moskva 2024 (= Slavjanskoe i balkanskoe jazykoznanie, 24), pp. 11-23.
  15. Nahtigal 1943: R. Nahtigal, Rekonstrukcija treh starocerkvenoslovanskih izvirnih pesnitev, in: Razprave, i, Filozofsko-filološko-historični razred, Ljubljana 1943, pp. 41-156.
  16. Picchio 1988: R. Picchio, Quelques remarques sur l’interprétation du Proglas, “Revue des études slaves”, lx, 1988, 2, pp. 313-324.
  17. Podskalsky 2000: G. Podskalsky, Theologische Literatur des Mittelalters in Bulgarien und Serbien. 865-1459, München 2000, pp. 426-428.
  18. Popov 1872: A.N. Popov, Opisanie rukopisej i katalog knig cerkovnoj pečati biblioteki A.I. Chludova, Moskva 1872.
  19. Sobolevskij 1910: A.I. Sobolevskij, Materialy i issledovanija v oblasti slavjanskoj filologii i archeologii, “Sbornik Otdelenija Russkogo Jazyka i Slovesnosti”, lxxxviii, 1910, 3, pp. 17-27.
  20. Sreznevskij 1858: I.I. Sreznevskij, Blažennogo učitelja našego Konstantina filosofa slovo, “Izv. Imp. Ak. Nauk po Otd. russkogo jazyka i slovesnosti”, vii, 1858, 2, pp. 145-148.
  21. Stančev 1986: K. Stančev, Ritmičnata struktura na Kirilovija «Proglas kăm evangelieto» i na proizvedenijata ot Preslavskija stichotvoren cikăl (Starobălgarskijat izosilabizăm), in: M. Colucci, G. Dell’Agata, H. Goldblatt (a cura di), Studia slavica mediaevalia et humanistica Riccardo Picchio dicata, Roma 1986, pp. 645-652.
  22. Stančev, Velinova 2003: K. Stančev, V. Velinova, Proglas kăm evangelieto, in: L. Graševa (gl. red.), Kirilo-Metodievska enciklopedija, iii, Sofija 2003, pp. 336-340.
  23. Toporov 1995: V.N. Toporov, Slovo i Premudrost’ (“logosnaja struktura”): Proglas Konstantina Filosofa (k kirillomefodievskomu naslediju na Rusi), in: Id., Svjatost’ i svjatye v russkoj duchovnoj kul’ture, i. Pervyj vek christianstva na Rusi, Moskva 1995, pp. 17-256.
  24. Turilov 2011: A.A. Turilov, Zametki o serbskich gramotach xiv-xv vv., napisannych knižnym pis’mom: problemy piscov, podlinnosti i datirovki aktov (iz predvaritel’nych nabljudenij), in: Id., Ot Kirilla Filosofa do Konstantina Kosteneckogo i Vasilija Sofijanina (Istorija i kul’tura slavjan ix-xvii vekov), Moskva 2011, pp. 381-404.
  25. Turilov 2012: A.A. Turilov, K izučeniju južnoslavjanskoj rukopisnoj tradicii “Proglasa Konstantina Filosofa”, in: Id., Mežslavjanskie kul’turnye svjazi ėpochi Srednevekov’ja i istočnikovedenie istorii i kul’tury slavjan: Ėtjudy i charakteristiki, Moskva 2012, pp. 11-20.
  26. Vaillant 1956: A. Vaillant, Une poésie vieux-slave: la Préface de l’Evangile, “Revue des études slaves”, xxxiii, 1956, 1-4, pp. 7-25.
  27. Velinova 2010: V. Velinova, Il Proemio al santo Vangelo e la tradizione cirillometodiana, in: M.C. Pesenti, K. Stantchev (a cura di), Sant’Ambrogio e i Santi Cirillo e Metodio. Le radici greco-latine della civiltà scrittoria slava, Milano-Roma 2010, pp. 117-128.