Vol. 39 No. 4 (2025)
Articles

Optimal storage duration for dormancy break and early growth in shallot bulbs

pdf
  • C. Cennawati,
  • M. Faried,
  • E. Syam'un,
  • R.W. Putri,
  • P. Wijaya
C. Cennawati
Muhammadiyah Enrekang University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Agrotechnology Program, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
M. Faried
Department of Agronomy, Agriculture Faculty, Hasanuddin University
E. Syam'un
Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agrotechnology Study Program, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
R.W. Putri
West Sulawesi University, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Agroecotechnology Program, Majene, West Sulawesi, Indonesia.
P. Wijaya
4 Lambung Mangkurat University, Agroecotechnology Program, Agriculture Faculty, Banjarbaru, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-18383
Categories

Published 2025-12-31

Keywords

  • Dormancy,
  • shallot,
  • sprouting,
  • storage duration

How to Cite

Cennawati, C., Faried, M., Syam’un, E., Putri, R. W., & Wijaya, P. (2025). Optimal storage duration for dormancy break and early growth in shallot bulbs. Advances in Horticultural Science, 39(4), 293–303. https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-18383

Copyright (c) 2025 Cennawati Cennawati, Muhammad Faried, Elkawakib Syam'un, Remi Widana Putri, Padil Wijaya

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Abstract

Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are a critical horticultural crop in Indonesia; however, their production remains unstable owing to the inconsistent availability of quality planting materials. This study aimed to determine the optimal storage duration to break dormancy and enhance the early growth of Super Philips shallot bulbs under ambient conditions. A randomised complete block design was used to assess five storage durations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks) by evaluating the sprouting percentage, rooting percentage, time to emergence, and early vegetative traits, including root volume, root length, plant height, and number of leaves. The results showed that bulbs stored for eight weeks exhibited the highest sprouting (98%) and rooting (99%) rates, along with the shortest mean emergence times and superior vegetative growth. Statistical analyses confirmed strong correlations and predictive regressions linking storage duration and physiological performance. These findings indicate that an eight-week storage period provides optimal physiological conditions for dormancy release, improves seedling vigour, and supports synchronised root and shoot development. This study offers actionable insights for seed management practices and validates empirical storage traditions, with implications for more stable and productive cultivation systems.

pdf

References

  1. ABRAMETO M.A., POZZO ARDIZZI C.M., GIL M.I., MOLINA L.M., 2010 - Analysis of methodologies for the study of composition and biochemical carbohydrate changes in harvest and postharvest onion bulbs. - Phyton-Inter. J. Exp. Bot., 79: 123-132.
  2. ABUBAKAR M.S., MADUAKO J.N., AHMAD M., 2019 - Effects of storage duration and bulb sizes on physiological losses of Agrifound light red onion bulbs (Allium cepa L.). - Agric. Sci. Technol., 11(1): 90-97.
  3. ADEYEMO A.E., OMOBA O.S., OLAGUNJU A.I., JOSIAH S.S., 2023 - Assessment of nutritional values, phytochemical content, and antioxidant properties of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) leaf and bulb. - Measurement: Food, 10: 100091.
  4. ANSAR M., BAHRUDDIN, MAEMUNAH, PAIMAN, 2022 - Effect of harvest age and storage duration on viability and vigor of shallot (Allium cepa L.) tubers. - Res. Crop, 23(4): 815-822.
  5. ARIF A.B., SASIMATALOKA K.S., WIDAYANTI S.M., YULIANI S., 2022 - Effect of pelleting on germination and vegetative growth of true seed of shallot (Allium cepa var ascalonicum L.). - Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technology, 44(3): 811-816.
  6. AYU I.W., SISWANTO H.T., LESTARI N.D., 2023 - Sosialisasi pasca panen bawang merah pada petani dataran tinggi Kabupaten Sumbawa. - J. Pengembangan Masyarakat Lokal, 6(1): 117-124.
  7. BENKEBLIA N., ONODERA S., SHIOMI N., 2005 - Variation in 1-fructo-exohydrolase (1-FEH) and 1-kestose-hydrolysing (1-KH) activities and fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) status in onion bulbs. Influence of temperature and storage time. - J. Sci. Food Agric., 85(2): 227-234.
  8. CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF INDONESIA, 2024 - Produksi tanaman sayuran, 2021-2023. - https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/NjEjMg==/produksi-tanaman-sayuran.html.
  9. CHOPE G.A., COOLS K., HAMMOND J.P., THOMPSON A.J., TERRY L.A., 2012 a - Physiological, biochemical and transcriptional analysis of onion bulbs during storage. - Annals Bot., 109(4): 819-831.
  10. CHOPE G.A., COOLS K., TERRY L.A., HAMMOND J.P., THOMPSON A.J., 2012 b - Association of gene expression data with dormancy and sprout suppression in onion bulbs using a newly developed onion microarray. - Acta Horticulturae, 969: 169-174.
  11. CHOPE G.A., TERRY L.A., 2008 - The role of abscisic acid and ethylene in onion bulb dormancy and sprout suppression. - Stewart Postharvest Review, 4(2): 5.
  12. CHOPE G.A., TERRY L.A., WHITE P.J., 2006 - Effect of controlled atmosphere storage on abscisic acid concentration and other biochemical attributes of onion bulbs. - Postharvest Biol. Technol., 39(3): 233-242.
  13. CHOPE G.A., TERRY L.A., WHITE P.J., 2007 a - Preharvest application of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) or an ABA analogue does not affect endogenous ABA concentration of onion bulbs. - Plant Growth Regul., 52(2): 117-129.
  14. CHOPE G.A., TERRY L.A., WHITE P.J., 2007 b - The effect of the transition between controlled atmosphere and regular atmosphere storage on bulbs of onion cultivars SS1, Carlos and Renate. - Postharvest Biol. Technol., 44(3): 228-239.
  15. DUBROVSKY J.G., SAUER M., NAPSUCIALLY-MENDIVIL S., IVANCHENKO M.G., FRIML J., SHISHKOVA S., CELENZA J., BENKOVÁ E., 2008 - Auxin acts as a local morphogenetic trigger to specify lateral root founder cells. - Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. United States Amer. (PNAS), 105(25): 8790-8794.
  16. KIMMELSHUE C.L., GOGGI A.S., MOORE K.J., 2022 - Single-plant grain yield in corn (Zea mays L.) based on emergence date, seed size, sowing depth, and plant to plant distance. - Crops, 2(1): 62-86.
  17. KUSMALI M., AHMAD U., DARMAWATI E., 2020 - The effect of curing and leaves cutting in longterm storage of shallot. - IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 542(1): 012009.
  18. LESKOVAR D.I., OTHMAN Y.A., 2021 - Direct seeding and transplanting influence root dynamics, morpho-physiology, yield, and head quality of globe artichoke. - Plants, 10(5).
  19. LESTARI R.H.S., SULISTYANINGSIH E., PURWANTORO A., 2018 - The effect of drying and storage on the quality of shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) bulbs. - Ilmu Pertan. (Agric. Sci.), 3(3): 117-126.
  20. LIMAN U.S., 2024 - BPS sebut bawang merah jadi komoditas pangan dengan inflasi tertinggi. - ANTARA News, 2 May. - https://www.antaranews. com/berita/4085037/bps-sebut-bawang-merah-jadi-komoditas-pangan-dengan-inflasi-tertinggi
  21. MAEMUNAH, WARDIYATI T., GURITNO B., SUGIARTO A.N., 2015 - The influence of storage area, storage method and seed quality character on the quality of shallot seed. - Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci., 2(1): 158-164.
  22. MCDONALD G.K., MINKEY D., DESBIOLLES J., CLARKE G., ALLEN R., NOACK S., SCHMITT S., AMOUGIS A., 2024 - Responses to precision planting in canola and grain legume crops. - Field Crops Res., 315: 109451.
  23. NURFAIDA N., SYAM’UN E., ULFA F., MANTJA K., FARIED M., 2024 - Breaking dormancy of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) bulb using hydrogen peroxide. - J. Tek. Pertan. Lampung, 13(1): 205-212.
  24. PASIGAI M.A., TAHA A.R., NASIR B., LASMINI S.A., MAEMUNAH, BAHRUDIN, 2016 - Teknologi budidaya bawang merah varietas Lembah Palu. - Penerbit Untad Press, Palu, Republic of Indonesia, pp. 190.
  25. PUSAT DATA DAN SISTEM INFORMASI PERTANIAN, 2024 - Analisis kinerja perdagangan komoditas bawang merah). - Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta, Vol. 14, No. 1C - https://satudata.pertanian.go.id/ assets/ docs/publikasi/1C_Analisis_Kinerja_Bawang_Merah_2024_-_publish.pdf
  26. SARJANI A.S., PALUPI E.R., SUHARTANTO M.R., PURWANTO Y.A., 2018 - Pengaruh suhu ruang simpan dan perlakuan pasca penyimpanan terhadap mutu dan produktivitas umbi benih bawang merah (Allium cepa L. group Aggregatum). - J. Hortik. Indones., 9(2): 111–121.
  27. SOHANY M., SARKER M.K.U., MOHOMUD M.S., 2016 - Physiological changes in red onion bulbs at different storage temperature. - World J. Eng. Technol., 4: 261-266.
  28. SYAM’UN E., YASSI A., JAYADI M., SJAM S., ULFA F., ZAINAL 2017 - Meningkatkan produktivitas bawang merah melalui penggunaan biji sebagai bibit. - J. Din. Pengabdian, 2(2): 188-193.
  29. TARIGAN R., MANIK F., BARUS S., 2019 - The effect of shallot bulbs storage duration and paclobutrazol treatments to disease attack on shallot plant in Karo highlands. - JERAMI, Indonesian J. Crop Sci., 1(2): 8-15.
  30. YANG C.-Q., LI Q.-H., JIANG X.-Q., FAN Y.-W., GAO J.-P., ZHANG C.-Q., 2015 a - Dynamic changes in α- and β-amylase activities and gene expression in bulbs of the oriental hybrid lily ‘Siberia’ during dormancy release. - J. Hort. Sci. Biotechol, 90(6): 753-759.
  31. YANG Y., ZHU Z.-B., GUO Q.-S., MIAO Y.-Y., MA H.-L., YANG X.-H., 2015 b - Effects of low temperature on dormancy breaking and growth after planting in bulbs of Tulipa edulis. - J. Chinese Materia Medica, 40(1): 48-52.

Most read articles by the same author(s)