Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)
Full Research Articles

Towards sustainable business models in the circular bioeconomy: The case of bio-based fertilizers

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  • Viktorija Jankuloska,
  • Blagoja Mukanov,
  • Angela Zhivachka,
  • Jovana Milosavljeva ,
  • Mario Petkovski,
  • Tanja Popovska
Viktorija Jankuloska
AgFutura Technologies, Јurij Gagarin 45/1-1, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Blagoja Mukanov
AgFutura Technologies, Јurij Gagarin 45/1-1, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Angela Zhivachka
AgFutura Technologies, Јurij Gagarin 45/1-1, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Jovana Milosavljeva
AgFutura Technologies, Јurij Gagarin 45/1-1, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Mario Petkovski
AgFutura Technologies, Јurij Gagarin 45/1-1, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Tanja Popovska
AgFutura Technologies, Јurij Gagarin 45/1-1, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/bae-16752

Published 2025-03-07

Keywords

  • bio-based fertilizers,
  • circual bioeconomy,
  • sustainable business model,
  • Business Model Canvas

How to Cite

Jankuloska, V., Mukanov, B., Zhivachka, A., Milosavljeva , J., Petkovski, M., & Popovska, T. (2025). Towards sustainable business models in the circular bioeconomy: The case of bio-based fertilizers. Bio-Based and Applied Economics, 15(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.36253/bae-16752

Copyright (c) 2026 Viktorija Jankuloska, Blagoja Mukanov, Angela Zhivachka, Jovana Milosavljeva, Mario Petkovski, Tanja Popovska

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Bio-based fertilizers (BBFs) offer a sustainable solution to the environmental and economic challenges of conventional fertilizers by enhancing nutrient recycling and soil health, aligning with EU strategies. Despite the availability of frameworks like the Business Model Canvas (BMC), these models have not been comprehensively applied in the context of BBFs. This paper addresses this gap by using the BMC framework to provide a holistic overview of BBF business models, integrating economic, environmental, and social dimensions. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on studies examining specific aspects of BBF business models, including value proposition, value creation and delivery, and value capture. The analysis highlights key insights, such as BBFs’ potential to recycle waste, and enhance soil health, alongside challenges like nutrient variability and market adoption barriers. These findings support strategies for advancing sustainable circular bioeconomy practices, offering valuable guidance to stakeholders in the fertilizer and agricultural sectors.

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