Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026)
Full Research Articles

Are Geographical Indications contributing to environmental conservation? The case of Café de Colombia

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  • Nicola Caravaggio,
  • Cristina Vaquero-Pineiro
Nicola Caravaggio
Department of Economics, University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis, Campobasso, Italy
Cristina Vaquero-Pineiro
Department of Economics, Statistics and Business, Universitas Mercatorum, Piazza Mattei 10, Rome, Italy
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/bae-17307

Published 2025-09-16

Keywords

  • Geographical Indications,
  • Cafè de Colombia,
  • Deforestation,
  • Synthetic Control Method,
  • local development

How to Cite

Caravaggio, N., & Vaquero-Pineiro, C. (2025). Are Geographical Indications contributing to environmental conservation? The case of Café de Colombia. Bio-Based and Applied Economics, 15(2), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.36253/bae-17307

Copyright (c) 2026 Nicola Caravaggio, Cristina Vaquero-Pineiro

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Colombia has a rich history of coffee production spanning over 300 years. As one of the world’s leading producers, the country dedicates a significant portion of its land to cultivating this vital crop. In the early 2000s, Café de Colombia received Geographical Indication (GI) certification, a milestone aimed at strengthening its reputation and competitiveness both nationally and internationally. This paper examines the impact of that recognition on land-use dynamics (i.e., deforestation). Using the Synthetic Control Method on a country-level panel dataset from 1992 to 2020, it estimates the effect of the GI certification on Colombia’s national deforestation rate. The findings reveal That deforestation would have been about 0.2 percentage points lower on average without the acknowledgement. Based on these results, the paper proposes to adopt a territorial-based and community-led policy mix to convert local peculiarities in strategic assets for sustainable development.

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