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Heterogeneity of adaptation strategies to climate shocks: Evidence from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria

¹Chinasa Sylvia Onyenekwe, ¹Patience Ifeyinwa Opata, ^1*Chukwuma Otum Ume,²Daniel Bruce Sarpong, and ²Irene Susana Egyir

¹University of Nigeria, Nigeria, ²University of Ghana, Ghana

Accepted: 2023-01-30 | Published Online: 2023-02-01 |

DOI: 10.36253/bae-13436

ABSTRACT

There is overwhelming evidence to suggest that climate shocks undermine food security and livelihood well-being of the climate-impacted Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Employing survey data collected from farming and fishing households in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, the study investigated the range of adaptation practices prevalent in the region, as well as factors influencing the adoption of these adaptation strategies. Five hundred and three (503) households (252 fishing households and 251 farming households) were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques. Multinomial logit model was used to determine factors affecting the household choice of adaptation strategies. The results show that adaptation strategies adopted by farming households were livelihood diversification (78.5%), crop management (77.7%), and soil and water management (64.5%). Factors influencing their choice of adaptation strategies were age, gender, household size, education, extension, and farm size. The adaptation strategies employed by the fishing households were livelihood diversification (83.61%) and intensification [which include the use of improved fishing gears (80.33%), varying fishing locations (67.21%), and expanding area of fishing (40.98%)]. Uncovering the heterogeneity in adaptation and resilience aspects to climate shocks has immense practical significance, particularly in providing targeted assistance for the two livelihood groups' adoption.

Assessing the Landscape Recovery Scheme in the UK: a Q methodology study in Yorkshire, UK

Emmanouil Tyllianakis

University of Leeds, UK

Accepted: 2023-02-08 | Published Online: 2023-02-11 |

DOI: 10.36253/bae-13941

ABSTRACT

Embedded within the European Union’s Green Deal is a re-enforced scope to encourage farmers’ participation in primarily voluntary agri-environmental schemes. Although outside of the European Union, the newly announced agri-environment schemes in England mirror such a policy shift towards incentivising participation in order to deliver more and better climate public goods. Farmers’ viewpoints regarding such schemes and contracts are therefore important to examine, as they should be main determinants of current and future enrolment. In this paper, upland Yorkshire farmers were asked to express their opinions for the Landscape Recovery scheme that aims to encourage collaboration and achieve landscape-wide interventions to ensure lasting delivery of climate public goods. Viewpoints show divergent views between environmentally conscious farmers and pragmatic farmers objecting to the functioning of agri-environmental schemes. Farmer viewpoints lean towards ‘broad and shallow’ schemes that would have simple contract requirements and only achieve marginal gains in the delivery of agri-environmental climate public goods while still showing concern about the natural environment and its impact on farming.

Key policy objectives for European agricultural policies: Some reflections on policy coherence and governance issues

Silvia Coderoni

University of Teramo, Italy

Accepted: 2023-02-19 | Published Online: 2023-02-19 |

DOI: 10.36253/bae-13971

ABSTRACT

Food security and environmental sustainability are global challenges that must be addressed together to be solved. After stressing the importance of solving the challenges of producing enough food to feed a growing population while preserving the climate and the environment, this analysis discusses some issues related to the policy coherence (PC) approach that should be followed. Within-policy and between-policies coherence problems are assessed and discussed, and governance problems related to the PC approach are presented. Key points for a likely approach to PC include goal-based governance grounded in the analysis of synergies and trade-offs.

Does the presence of inner areas matter for the registration of new Geographical Indications? Evidence from Italy

Pagliacci F., Fasano F.

Università di Padova, Italy

Accepted: 2023-03-06 | Published Online: 2023-03-06 |

DOI: 10.36253/bae-13628

ABSTRACT

Remote areas have been progressively obtained greater attention. Since 2014, the Italian National Strategy for Inner Areas has tackled remote areas with the aim of promoting local development. A tool to foster economic development in these areas is valorisation of those high-quality agri-food products that are characterised by unique features, through the use of geographical indications. This study addresses this topic, by considering the geographical indications registered in Italy since 2014. The study considers municipality-level (LAU2) data, taking the number of geographical indications that each municipality is eligible to produce as a dependent variable. Hurdle models are used to assess the effect of inner areas and other covariates (i.e., agriculture and food industry features, socio-economic characteristics, regional settings). The results suggest that geographical indications still represent a sort of untapped resource across inner areas, even when controlling for regional settings across Italy. Thus, a more effective policy intervention is requested.

Earliness, phenological phases and yield-temperature relationships: evidence from durum wheat in Italy

Tappi M., Carucci F., Gagliardi A., Gatta G., Giuliani M.M., and Santeramo F.G.

University of Foggia, Italy

Accepted: 2023-03-06 | Published Online: 2023-03-30 |

DOI: 10.36253/bae-13745

ABSTRACT

The impacts of extreme weather events on crop production are largely heterogeneous along the timing dimension of the shocks, and the varieties being affected. We investigate the yield-temperature relationships for three categories of earliness of durum wheat: early-maturing, middle-maturing, and late-maturing. We disentangle the time dimension distinguishing five phenological stages, as identified by the Growing Degree Days approach. Our panel regression models show that the starting, growing, and anthesis stages are sensitive to changes in minimum temperatures, regardless of wheat earliness. Raises in maximum temperatures during the starting stage are associated with increases in yields until a certain threshold above of which decrease; the opposite is true for increases in maximum temperatures in the maturity stage for late-maturing varieties, and in the end stage for early-maturing varieties. Results imply that farmers and policymakers may adopt ex-ante and ex-post risk management strategies, i.e., choice of variety to avoid severe yield losses and incentives to crop insurance uptake, respectively.