Essays and Viewpoint
Positive Energy Buildings and Districts beyond the NZEB paradigm: towards a whole-life approach
Francesca De Filippi- Carmelo Carbone
Published 2023-10-31
Keywords
- Positive energy buildings,
- Positive energy districts,
- Regenerative architecture,
- Net-positive architecture,
- Life Cycle Assessment
How to Cite
De Filippi, F., & Carbone, C. (2023). Positive Energy Buildings and Districts beyond the NZEB paradigm: towards a whole-life approach. TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, (26), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.36253/techne-14447
Copyright (c) 2023 Francesca De Filippi, Carmelo Carbone
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
This paper focuses on the research topic and application of Positive Energy Buildings (PEBs) and Districts (PEDs), and explores the state-of-the-art in the use of LCA analyses on energy impact and CO2eq emissions. An analysis of the scientific literature and existing programmes, standards and regulations is carried out to understand the evolution of the debate on PEBs and PEDs and their implementation. This analysis allows to better define the scope of applicability and assessment of PEBs/PEDs through the lens of the Life Cycle Assessment to extend its definition beyond the sole usage phase. The study also highlights the main gaps and the aspects to be encouraged to promote their diffusion.
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References
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Ala-Juusela M., Crosbie T., Hukkalainen M., (2016), Defining and operationalising the concept of an energy positive neighbourhood, Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 125, 2016, Pages 133-140
Ala-Juusela, M.; Rehman, H.u.; Hukkalainen, M.; Reda, F. (2021), Positive Energy Building Definition with the Framework, Elements and Challenges of the Concept. Energies 2021, 14, 6260.
Albert-Seifried V., et al. (2021), Definitions of Positive Energy Districts: A Review of the Status Quo and Challenges, Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2021
Barrutieta X., Kolbasnikova A., Irulegi O. & Hernández R., (2023), Energy balance and photovoltaic integration in positive energy buildings. Design and performance in built office case studies, Architectural Science Review, 66:1, 26-41
Boll J. R., Dorizas V., Broer R., Toth Z., (2021), Barriers and opportunities of plus energy neighbourhoods of the national and local regulatory framework, Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods
Cole J. R., Fedoruk L., (2014), Shifting from net-zero to net-positive energy buildings, Building Research & Information, Vol. 43, 2015 - Issue 1: Net-zero and net-positive design, pp. 111-120
D'Agostino D., Zangheri P., (2016), Development of the NZEBs concept in Member States, Towards Nearly Zero Energy Buildings in Europe, JRC Science for Policy Report, EUR 28252 EN
Dixit M. K., (2017), Life cycle embodied energy analysis of residential buildings: A review of literature to investigate embodied energy parameters, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 79, November 2017, Pages 390-413
EN 15978:2011, Sustainability of construction works - Assessment of environmental performance of buildings – Calculation method
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Jones, P.; Li, X.; Coma Bassas, E.; Perisoglou, E.; Patterson, J. Energy-Positive House: Performance Assessment through Simulation and Measurement. Energies 2020, 13, 4705
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Krangsås, S.G., et al., (2021), Positive Energy Districts: Identifying Challenges and Interdependencies. Sustainability 2021, 13, 10551
Kumar, G.M.S.; Cao, S. (2021), State-of-the-Art Review of Positive Energy Building and Community Systems. Energies 2021, 14, 5046.
Living Building Challenge: https://living-future.org/lbc/
Magrini A., Lentini G., Cuman S., Bodrato A., Marenco L., (2020), From nearly zero energy buildings (NZEB) to positive energy buildings (PEB): The next challenge - The most recent European trends with some notes on the energy analysis of a forerunner PEB example, Developments in the Built Environment Volume 3, August 2020, 100019
Mang, P., & Reed, W. (2012). Designing from place: A regenerative framework and methodology. Building Research & Information, 40(1), 23–38
Ministère de la Transition écologique, (2020), Guide RE2020 Réglementation Environnementale, Éco-construire pour le confort de tous
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Takva C., Caliskan B. C., Cakici F., Z., (2022) Net Positive Energy Buildings in architectural context, Journal of Asian Scientific Research, Vol. 12, No.3, AESS Publications, 135-145
Tuerk, A., et al., (2021), Integrating Plus Energy Buildings and Districts with the EU Energy Community Framework: Regulatory Opportunities, Barriers and Technological Solutions. Buildings 2021, 11, 468
Voss K., Sartori I., Lollini R., (2012), Nearly-zero, Net zero and Plus Energy Buildings – How definitions & regulations affect the solutions, REHVA Journal – December 2012, pp. 23-27
Uspenskaia, D.; Specht, K.; Kondziella, H.; Bruckner, T. (2021), Challenges and Barriers for Net‐Zero/Positive Energy Buildings and Districts—Empirical Evidence from the Smart City Project SPARCS. Buildings 2021, 11, 78.
Ala-Juusela M., Crosbie T., Hukkalainen M., (2016), Defining and operationalising the concept of an energy positive neighbourhood, Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 125, 2016, Pages 133-140
Ala-Juusela, M.; Rehman, H.u.; Hukkalainen, M.; Reda, F. (2021), Positive Energy Building Definition with the Framework, Elements and Challenges of the Concept. Energies 2021, 14, 6260.
Albert-Seifried V., et al. (2021), Definitions of Positive Energy Districts: A Review of the Status Quo and Challenges, Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2021
Barrutieta X., Kolbasnikova A., Irulegi O. & Hernández R., (2023), Energy balance and photovoltaic integration in positive energy buildings. Design and performance in built office case studies, Architectural Science Review, 66:1, 26-41
Boll J. R., Dorizas V., Broer R., Toth Z., (2021), Barriers and opportunities of plus energy neighbourhoods of the national and local regulatory framework, Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods
Cole J. R., Fedoruk L., (2014), Shifting from net-zero to net-positive energy buildings, Building Research & Information, Vol. 43, 2015 - Issue 1: Net-zero and net-positive design, pp. 111-120
D'Agostino D., Zangheri P., (2016), Development of the NZEBs concept in Member States, Towards Nearly Zero Energy Buildings in Europe, JRC Science for Policy Report, EUR 28252 EN
Dixit M. K., (2017), Life cycle embodied energy analysis of residential buildings: A review of literature to investigate embodied energy parameters, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 79, November 2017, Pages 390-413
EN 15978:2011, Sustainability of construction works - Assessment of environmental performance of buildings – Calculation method
European Commission, "DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast)", Official Journal of the European Communities, 2010
European Commission, National energy and climate plans (NECPs), EU countries’ 10-year national energy and climate plans for 2021-2030. Available at: https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/energy-strategy/national-energy-and-climate-plans-necps_en
Hawila A. A. W., Pernetti R., Pozza C., Belleri A., (2022), Plus energy building: Operational definition and assessment, Energy and Buildings Volume 265, 15 June 2022, 112069
Hedman, Å., et al. IEA EBC Annex83 Positive Energy Districts. Buildings 2021, 11, 130
Heiselberg, P. K. (Ed.) (2016). CLIMA 2016 - proceedings of the 12th REHVA World Congress: volume 6. Aalborg: Aalborg University, Department of Civil Engineering.
Hermelink A., et al., (2012), Towards nearly zero energy buildings Definition of common principles under the EPBD Final report, European Commission, pp. 33-36
Jones, P.; Li, X.; Coma Bassas, E.; Perisoglou, E.; Patterson, J. Energy-Positive House: Performance Assessment through Simulation and Measurement. Energies 2020, 13, 4705
Karen Williams et al., 2022 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 1085 012014
Kolokotsa D., Rovas D., Kosmatopoulos E., Kalaitzakis K., (2011), A roadmap towards intelligent net zero- and positive-energy buildings, Solar Energy, Volume 85, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 3067-3084
Krangsås, S.G., et al., (2021), Positive Energy Districts: Identifying Challenges and Interdependencies. Sustainability 2021, 13, 10551
Kumar, G.M.S.; Cao, S. (2021), State-of-the-Art Review of Positive Energy Building and Community Systems. Energies 2021, 14, 5046.
Living Building Challenge: https://living-future.org/lbc/
Magrini A., Lentini G., Cuman S., Bodrato A., Marenco L., (2020), From nearly zero energy buildings (NZEB) to positive energy buildings (PEB): The next challenge - The most recent European trends with some notes on the energy analysis of a forerunner PEB example, Developments in the Built Environment Volume 3, August 2020, 100019
Mang, P., & Reed, W. (2012). Designing from place: A regenerative framework and methodology. Building Research & Information, 40(1), 23–38
Ministère de la Transition écologique, (2020), Guide RE2020 Réglementation Environnementale, Éco-construire pour le confort de tous
Moore C., Shrestha S., Gokarakonda S., (2019), Building energy standards and labelling in Europe, SusBuild - Up-scaling and mainstreaming sustainable building practices in western China, pp. 93-107
Powerhouse definition. Available at: https://www.powerhouse.no/en/
Takva C., Caliskan B. C., Cakici F., Z., (2022) Net Positive Energy Buildings in architectural context, Journal of Asian Scientific Research, Vol. 12, No.3, AESS Publications, 135-145
Tuerk, A., et al., (2021), Integrating Plus Energy Buildings and Districts with the EU Energy Community Framework: Regulatory Opportunities, Barriers and Technological Solutions. Buildings 2021, 11, 468
Voss K., Sartori I., Lollini R., (2012), Nearly-zero, Net zero and Plus Energy Buildings – How definitions & regulations affect the solutions, REHVA Journal – December 2012, pp. 23-27
Uspenskaia, D.; Specht, K.; Kondziella, H.; Bruckner, T. (2021), Challenges and Barriers for Net‐Zero/Positive Energy Buildings and Districts—Empirical Evidence from the Smart City Project SPARCS. Buildings 2021, 11, 78.